Are You Convinced that Working Safely is a Good Thing?

What future lies ahead for safety?

The Winter 2022 HR Magazine has some interesting insights about looking into the future of work. While their focus is on Human Resources, we know that HR and Safety go hand-in-hand. The same future scenarios are coming for Safety Professionals and Leaders.

what lies ahead for safety in the workplace

The Covid pandemic and aftermath became an ugly reminder of how difficult it is to predict and prepare for the future. Yet that doesn’t mean that safety leaders shouldn’t think ahead – especially when there are no absolutes. Older, experienced workers are retiring, and the digital revolution continues. It is not too early to start thinking and preparing for new generations to be taking over or that effective digital training will become a necessity. It is never too soon to think about preparing employees to expect the unexpected…to prepare for what may not yet be known.

One quote that struck me (in this article regarding future training) was, “You’ve got to convince people why they need to do the work, and it’s not just ‘because you’re paying me to do it.’

For decades, now we’ve been teaching our workers the “why” to work safely, so that they can go home at the end of their shift whole – with life and limb intact – eyes, ears, fingers, toes. The “why” becomes evident with every piece of protective equipment that is required…the last line of defense.

Convincing people that being able to go home to their families in the same condition as they entered the workplace is the goal, without being maimed, having long-term disability, or worse, a fatality in the workplace. That is the “why” that underscores workplace safety.

The next “why” is what we all should know as human beings…we grow, we develop, we learn, we solve problems…individually and together. There is much value to learn by experience, and to learn by training mechanisms that are most effective to the task, the job, the larger picture. Learning while doing work fulfills a natural need for personal and professional growth.

The final “why” is because our economy runs by money…we live the way we choose because we have money to spend on our own pursuit of happiness…when we work, we get paid; when we are paid we provide for ourselves and loved ones; we contribute to the economy in the system in which we exist.

Because of the changing futures (as noted above), Teamwork will become the new game plan. Healthy culture and trust will have to draw more focus. The article notes that scrums, sprints, and squads will be widespread as employers draw workers from all over the company and even from outside the organization to work on projects together. You’ll see a breaking away from hierarchical ways of working and putting people into these newer constructs. Putting together effective project teams is the way of the future.

stay safe and secure in the workplace

In safety, however, this is not new. The best safety improvement teams and trouble-shooting/problem solving endeavors have drawn from people across the workplace – where sharing ideas, prompting new innovations, and, ultimately, improving the safety of the workplace (system changes, process flows, etc.) spring forth from people who have knowledge of the concern, a relationship to what’s at stake, a voice and information to share, experience to convey, and an overall desire to make things better.

In safety, the “buddy” system is tried and true. Looking out for our workplace “brothers/sisters” – everyone – has been a mainstay to help ensure that people not only get the job done well, but that they get the job done safely. The individual “person” has a valued life – underscoring the “why our workplaces have to be safe, and work be meaningful.”

While signage in the workplace helps us with prompts to work safely, taking cues from those we work with, paying attention, having situational awareness for ourselves and others must be the norm. That’s not a bold prediction – that’s a bold requirement in my mind, for the present and the future of work.

We’re all in this together.

Safety Isn’t Just Safety Anymore…

What every Manager needs to know that OSHA and ISO already do!

It started out in 1970 with OSHA’s regulations to enhance Safety in the Workplace – the first leg of the Safety Stool, a.k.a. as Occupational Safety, exampled by preventing slips, trips and falls, requiring hearing protection, hand and foot protection, and eye-ware.

Then came the second leg of the Safety Stool, Occupational Health, exampled by preventing environmental/respiratory and ergonomic hazards. Then came Process Safety Management (PSM), exampled by what it takes to keep hazardous substances in the pipes, and which became an essential part of workplace safety with the comprehensive issuance of OSHA 1910 – the third leg.

All three legs are important and are critical for Safety professionals, HR professionals, Managers and Supervisors to embrace and for people to understand. Indeed, OSHA requires this attention to keep our people safe (life and limb) within the workplace.

safety in the workplace

Now, with this new decade of Workplace Violence rearing its ugly head, we know that we must add a fourth leg to the Safety Stool. Because attention to this 4th prong needs diligent awareness, it is now becoming paramount that every manager and supervisor be schooled in Situational Awareness:

  • What is happening around you?
  • What is happening between and among people in the workplace?
  • Where are your vulnerabilities?
  • Are you noticing the cultural dysfunction happening in your workplace?
  • Are you able to engage appropriately to find out what’s happening?
  • How do you address these dysfunctions?

The fourth leg of this stool is what is called Psychological or Social Safety. Another way to describe it is the psychological harm that comes with repeated bullying, harassment, incivilities, and dysfunctional behaviors, that leave workers dreading to go to work, or that increase the risk of home-growing an active threat/shooter, or having a suicide or murder in your workplace, let alone the bad press that comes with a highly publicized incident.

If no one steps in to stop bad behaviors when they are happening, they continue and escalate over time. Not paying attention to social risk manifests into psychological harm as the continuum of bad behaviors escalate in the workplace – and ultimately can impact people in harmful ways. Yes, OSHA is keen on this 4th leg of the safety stool, too, and wants to know what your business, company, organization, or team is doing about it. Prevention of Workplace Violence is the operative word.

What is Workplace Violence?

OSHA explains that workplace violence is violence or the threat of violence against workers. It can occur at or outside the workplace and can range from threats and verbal abuse to physical assaults and homicide, one of the leading causes of job-related deaths. However it manifests itself, workplace violence is a growing concern for employers and employees nationwide.

OSHA makes it very clear. Employers are responsible for ensuring that the workplace does NOT become a hostile workplace. (Bullying, harassment, and incivilities contribute to hostile environments). OSHA requires employers to provide a safe workplace for their employees…both physically safe and psychologically safe. This is covered by the General Duty Clause Section 5(a)(1).

Enter the new ISO Standard: ISO 45003 IS THE NEW INTERNATIONAL STANDARD (2021-06) – Occupational Health and Safety Management – Psychological health and safety at work – Guidelines for managing psychosocial risks. This new standard states that Management must be prepared to deal with violence that involves a person (employee, visitor, vendor), etc., losing control, without a weapon. This normally means dealing with psychological safety factors.

It is difficult to predict violent acts, so the Standard expects managers and associates to be vigilant. Report any concerns of erratic behaviors to supervision and HR as soon as possible.

Examples of violent behavior include but are not limited to:

  • Intimidating or bullying others
  • Abusive language
  • Physical assault
  • Threatening behavior
  • Sexual or racial harassment
  • Concealing or using a weapon
  • Anger
  • Tantrums

You get the picture. None of these types of behaviors belong in a workplace, thus the underscoring of new Respectful Workplace policies.

employees need to become stakeholders in their safety

At Nagele, Knowles and Associates, we understand the construct of workplace violence and how to identify it. It starts with knowing your inside culture (culture assessment) to understand where bullying and dysfunctional behavior is happening and how to stop it in its tracks. What is your workplace doing to ensure a Respectful Workplace? It equally starts with a physical security vulnerability assessment to understand where you, your site, your people are most vulnerable to a perpetrator entering your workplace to do harm, and how to deter that from happening.

The 4th leg requires Situational Awareness – that is the tip of the spear when it comes to the prevention of workplace violence…from the inside or from the outside! This holds true in the workplace, and in living our daily lives. Wake up! Be Alert! Observing, expecting, embracing, and requiring a Respectful Workplace is powerful for reducing those harmful dysfunctional behaviors.

Employees must become stakeholders in their own safety and security and develop a survival mindset as well. Vigorous prevention programs, timely interventions, and appropriate responses by organizations and their employees will contribute significantly to a safe, secure, and respectful environment. That’s what we teach; that’s what we do.

Want to know more? Check out our book “Guide to Reducing the Risk of Workplace Violence…the Absolute Essentials” available on Amazon. It has been labeled the “gold standard” – a comprehensive guide to reducing your risk of workplace violence happening in your workplace…from the inside or the outside or give us a call at 716-622-6467.

Trust is so Important for Improved Safety Performance

I have been trying to understand why the number of people getting hurt and killed at work is not getting better.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, since 2017 the number of people being killed at work is averaging about 5,130 a year, with no sign of improvement and the injury frequency rate is stuck at about 2.7 for that period.

There is a lot of effort being put into trying to improve safety with the global effort totaling about $20,000,000,000 being spent for services, regulation, equipment, trade associations, etc. This is a huge industry; I call it “Big Safety.” Why isn’t Big Safety making more progress in reducing the number of people getting hurt and killed? These are real people and their families that are suffering so much.

I have been getting some help from Kerry Turner and Marc Pierson in looking at the safety work from a systems perspective. The safety system is huge with many factors at play. The systems approach is helpful in being able to see the whole system, the various components, how they interact, find key points where changes can be made.

trust your team for safety performance

One thing that I have seen is that injuries and incidents are local events, and it is hard for Big Safety to know what really happened in detail. What it offers often does not fit quite right and comes across to the people as “the Flavor of the Month.” The people doing the work have little confidence in what the offerings provide so they often do not stick very well.

Another thing that I have noticed is that the consultants coming out of Big Safety often are seen as “experts” and come into the organization to fix the people rather than teaching the people how to solve their own problems. This weakens the people and tends to disempower them. This is a lot like Big Government coming into a local community to fix a problem when they do not know the people or much about the real nature of the problem they are coming in to fix.

In studying the Safety System, it becomes obvious that trust is a central feature that is often missing when Big Safety comes into the organization. There has been a lot written about the importance of trust, and in using a systems approach, trust really emerges as the central feature that needs to be in place before much progress in improving safety performance can take place. Real progress requires the energy, creativity and commitment of the people doing the work. This is a gift that people will give if they have trust in the other people and feel safe in opening up to meet the safety challenges.

safety of the people is important in safety performance

A Suggested Approach to Building Trust

Perhaps when a consultant comes into an organization to work on a safety issue, they come into the organization 2-3 days before their planned work begins and walk into the facility among the people to get acquainted with them. Talk with the people, listen to their concerns, and discover what the real problems are that are causing the need for improved performance. Talk about their work with them and find out what they need so they can work more safely and effectively.

Open yourself up to their questions and concerns about you. Creating a safe space where they can talk with you is an important step in building trust with the people. Then the consultant needs to reflect on all that was learned and see how their knowledge and skills can be used to help the people to solve their problems. Don’t try to solve their problems for them or fix them. Rather teach them how to solve their own problems.

I have found that this approach works very well in helping to get to know the people, the issues, and to begin to build trust.

Building Respect and Trust

Why do so many managers and safety professionals keep treating the people in organizations as objects to be controlled so they will work safely?

They seem to assume that the employees can’t or won’t think for themselves and have to be made to work safely. These managers and safety professionals are not bad people, but they are stuck in their basic assumptions about people. So many seem to think that they have the answers and the power to make people do as they are told.

Thinking of the people as “employees” is part of the problem. Thinking of people as “employees” brings different thoughts to mind. The word “employee” is a legal word that defines my relationship with my employer with respect to things like hours of work, pay rates, benefits, etc. It also carries some tough top-down implications. If the boss gives an order, it better be done. The boss and the employee are not seen as equals in terms of respect, hopes, aspirations, good ideas and creative energy.

safety focus building respect and trust

This has been the approach for generations and yet, there are still over 6,000 people a year getting killed at work and thousands are suffering serious injuries. Just using the same approach, with variations, over and over, and expecting to see real improvements is a problem!

There needs to be a fundamental shift to assumptions like these.

My Safety Focus: Building Respect and Trust.

My basic assumptions are:

  • We work with people who have brains and can think; their hopes and dreams are similar to my own.
  • People do want to work safely and not get hurt.
  • People want to be treated with respect.
  • The people doing the work have important knowledge and ideas to contribute.
  • People want to be listened to.
  • I do not know what they know, so we need to share information together so we can do our best.
  • Safety is connected to everything we do; it is part of the whole system.
  • It takes everyone pulling together to achieve excellence.
  • I do not have a right to make my living at a place where it is okay for people to get hurt.

I did not work on safety as such. My focus was on the people and building trust and a better, safer future. The more I worked this way with the people, the better our performance became. Within 4 years, our Total Injury Rate had dropped by about 97% to a rate of about 0.3. (The rate was only a way to keep score.) The people liked working this way and sustained their performance for 19 years. I wrote about this in my recently published paper in Professional Safety [Knowles, R.N. (2022, Nov.). Leading vs. Managing: A tale of two organizational processesProfessional Safety, 67(11), 42-46].

The importance of building trust and working with people has been known for a long time. Douglas McGregor wrote The Human Side of Enterprise in 1960 about Theory X and Y. Recently the work of others like Rosa Carrillo in her book, The Relationship Factor in Safety Leadership, 2020, and even in this current issue of Professional Safety [ Sarkus, D.J. (2022, Nov.). Building community through servant leadership. Professional Safety, 67(11), 24-29.] are emphasizing the importance of respect and trust.

This shift in thinking and working with the people results in a lot fewer people getting hurt or killed at work. Yet why do so many safety people seem to be all wrapped up in chasing injuries and incidents? Some just counting the numbers. Others developing more advanced ways to get employees to work more safely, or to develop better ways to analyze incident situations. Many are just pushing production with little or no regard for safety. Some safety consultants have learned to give great motivational talks that are fun to hear, but have almost no impact in the workplace. The BLS statics on workplace injuries and deaths are not showing much improvement.

The global safety improvement industry was estimated to be over $20,000,000. The trade shows have lots of very fancy safety equipment and the consultants are selling their approaches. Is there a vested interest it doing things like we have always do it and getting the same results?

Many managers think that you can not have excellence in safety and earnings at the same time. That is not what I found at the plant I led where we cut the injury rate by 97% and increased the earnings by 300%.

safety focus building respect and trust

Conclusion

If the whole safety effort was shifted to treating people with respect, listening and learning together and doing what makes sense, there would be a huge improvement in total safety and a lot fewer people getting injured and killed.

Is the effort to build trust, learn to treat people with respect, to listen more carefully, to build on each other’s good ideas too high a price for saving many, many lives?

What will it take to make the shift?

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